Endocrine Abstracts

There is no ideal treatment for the simple goiter. The treatment options in NMG is: surgery, I131, L-thyroxine or continous monitoring without therapy.From 2000–2003 we evaluated 150 patients (120 women and 30 men) having their agings between 20 and 80 years with L-T4 treatment for nontoxic multinodular goiter. Duration of therapy was 3 years. The pacients was evaluated by clinical examination, level of TSH, free-T4,...

BackgroundCushing syndrome (CS) is caused by prolonged exposure to elevated cortisol levels and it’s classified as either ACTH-dependent or ACTH independent CS. The most common form of endogenous ACTH CS is Cushing disease (CD); ACTH-independent CS is caused by various adrenal abnormalities. First-line therapy in CS is the resection of the underlying tumor in all cases. After surgical cure of CS, most patients develop transient secondary adrenal ins...

Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome is a rare disease, with an incidence of 0.7–2.4 per million people per year. Adrenal origin is described in approximately 20 percent of all cases. Adrenal lymphoma presenting as adrenal incidentaloma with autonomous cortisol production has recently been described, though this is a rare condition. We report a rare case of adrenal Cushing’s syndrome in a patient diagnosed with a low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Female patient, a...

Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare thyroid tumor (around 2% of thyroid cancers). Its prognosis is generally worse than for differentiated thyroid cancers. A very rare subset of MTC is described as encapsulated MTCs. To date, a limited number of case reports and case series have been published, and this type of tumor presents with no evidence of metastases even in case of very high levels of serum calcitonin.Case: A 33-year old pregna...

One of the causes of secondary osteoporosis is type 1 DM (1DM), an autoimmune disease where insulin replacement is mandatory for controlling blood sugar levels. Among the mechanisms involved in osteoporosis in 1DM is increased bone resorption, mainly osteoclasts being responsible for this process. However, osteoblasts also seem to have an active contribution by secreting products with resorptive properties, one of these being cysteine protease Cathepsin K, as mentioned by a fe...

Background: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors characterized by a high degree of variability and unpredictability. Coexistence of PPGLs and adrenocortical adenomas is an uncommon occurrence that can further complicate the clinical course. Objective: We describe the diagnostic and management challenges of a patient with a history of surgically removed pheochromocytoma, presenting with symptoms of catecholamine exce...

Introduction: Myxedema coma is the end stage of untreated or inadequately treated hypothyroidism. It has an estimated incidence of 0.22 per million per year. The clinical picture is often that of an elderly obese female, presenting in midwinter with increased lethargy, somnolence and confusion. The presentation is one of severe hypothyroidism, with or without coma.Such cases are predominantly based on a primary thyroid disorder such as Hashimoto′s ...

Purpose: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune condition that can cause hyperthyroidism and thyroid eye disease (TED). Definitive treatment is required in approximately 50% patients. Thyroidectomy remains the least chosen primary treatment (2%-18%) despite it having the highest cure rate (>95%). Our aim was to determine the current relationship between patients’ TED and thyroidectomy in a multidisciplinary specialist eye clinic at a tertiary referral centre.<p cla...

We present the case of a 64 year old woman who presented with one month history of tiredness and 8 kg weight loss. Severe hypokalemia (2.2 mmol/l) was identified by the GP. Clinically she appeared mildly Cushingoid. Biochemical investigations showed a random cortisol significantly elevated at 2170 nmol/l, 24-hour urinary cortisol was 15 700 nmol/l(0−135). ACTH level was elevated at 7400 ng/l(0−40). The low dose dexamethasone suppression test demonstrated failure to...

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene and is characterized by the occurrence of parathyroid, pancreatic islet and anterior pituitary tumors. We present the case of a female patient known to have pituitary and parathyroid tumors in a MEN1 syndrome evolving for more than 20 years before associating pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.Case r...